Article 4.21 Scope and Application

(a) (1) This Chapter shall apply to the resolution of disputes arising between any person and the Operator, or any other official body, authority, agency, instrumentality, or representative of the ICT, acting in an official capacity, whether such body or representative acts as the complaining party or the responding party.

(b) (2) For the purposes of this Chapter, an act or omission shall be deemed to be taken in an official capacity where it is performed in the exercise, or purported exercise, of statutory, regulatory, administrative, supervisory, enforcement, or delegated public functions of the ICT.

(c) (3) This Chapter shall apply only to private, commercial, civil, and administrative disputes, including disputes relating to regulatory decisions, contractual arrangements entered into in an official capacity, permits, licences, approvals, sanctions, enforcement measures, or other administrative acts.

(4) This Chapter shall not apply to:
(a) disputes arising solely from private or personal acts or relationships, including purely private commercial dealings not involving the exercise of official functions; or
(b) criminal matters, which shall remain subject exclusively to the applicable criminal law and criminal jurisdiction.